{"id":21981,"date":"2024-11-19T15:27:59","date_gmt":"2024-11-19T13:27:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=21981"},"modified":"2024-11-24T13:52:16","modified_gmt":"2024-11-24T11:52:16","slug":"%d7%a8%d7%99%d7%90%d7%9c%d7%99%d7%96%d7%9d-%d7%90%d7%9e%d7%a8%d7%99%d7%a7%d7%90%d7%99-%d7%91%d7%9e%d7%95%d7%96%d7%99%d7%90%d7%95%d7%9f-%d7%9e%d7%95%d7%96%d7%99%d7%90%d7%95%d7%9f-%d7%aa%d7%99%d7%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=21981","title":{"rendered":"\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d6\u05dd \u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05e7\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05d9\u05e1\u05df-\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e0\u05de\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4, \u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9\u05d3 | American Realism in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum in Madrid"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNext slide<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u05db\u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e8 \u05ea\u05d9\u05e1\u05df-\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e0\u05de\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05e0\u05e2\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05de\u05e1\u05d1\u05d9\u05e8 \u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05de\u05d1\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05de\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0, \u05db\u05de\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d8\u05d9\u05d9\u05d8 \u05d1\u05dc\u05d5\u05e0\u05d3\u05d5\u05df, \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d4 FRICK \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05e7, \u05de\u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d4 \u05db\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d5\u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05ea\u05de\u05ea \u05d1\u05d3\u05dd. \u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05de\u05d0\u05d2\u05e4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d0\u05e8\u05de\u05d5\u05df \u05e9\u05d4\u05e4\u05da \u05dc\u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d6 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d1\u05e0\u05e7 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d5\u05ea\u05d0\u05dd \u05dc\u05d9\u05e2\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d3\u05e9 \u05d1\u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd 1989 \u2013 1992.\u00a0 \u05d1 2004 \u05e0\u05d1\u05e0\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d7\u05d1\u05d4 \u05e9\u05db\u05dc\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea \u05e4\u05d0\u05e1\u05d3\u05d4 \u05d7\u05d3\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d7\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d0\u05e8\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u00a0 \u05e1\u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05db\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d2\u05e3 \u05d7\u05d3\u05e9 \u05d5\u05d1\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e3 \u05db\u05e8\u05de\u05df \u05ea\u05d9\u05e1\u05df-\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e0\u05de\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4, \u05d0\u05dc\u05de\u05e0\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05d9\u05e1\u05df-\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e0\u05de\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4. \u05d4\u05d0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e3 \u05de\u05d5\u05e9\u05db\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d3\u00a0 \u05d1\u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d1 \u05dc\u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea \u00a06.5 \u05de\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d5\u05e0\u05d7\u05ea\u05dd \u05de\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9 \u05dc\u05d7\u05de\u05e9 \u05e2\u05e9\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Soyer, Raphael\nGirl with red Hat. c. 1940 Oil on canvas\n76,8 x 43,2 cm <\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u05d4\u05d0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e3 \u05de\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1\u05d7 \u05d5\u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05dc \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u00a0\u05de\u05ea\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05d4\u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05de\u05e9 \u05db\u05de\u05e2\u05d8 \u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05df \u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05e2\u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d5\u05e6\u05e4\u05d5\u05df \u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4. \u05d4\u05ea\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea\u05d9\u05ea \u05d0\u05da \u05d4\u05d4\u05d9\u05d2\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05de\u05d0\u05d7\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05ea\u05de\u05d9\u05d3 \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4.<\/p>

\u05de\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d4\u05df \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05e7\u05d0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1\u05df \u05e9\u05d9\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05ea\u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea: \u05de\u05d4 \u05e9\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d6\u05dd \u05d4\u05e1\u05d5\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05e7\u05d0\u05d9 (\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d4\u05e9\u05e4\u05e2\u05d4 \u05de\u05e7\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7\u05d0\u05d9\u05ea) \u05e9\u05dc \u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4 30 \u05d5\u05d4 40 \u00a0\u05d5\u05d4\u05d4\u05d9\u05e4\u05e8 \u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d6\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4 70 \u05d5\u05d4 80.<\/p>

“\u05d0\u05e9\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dd \u05db\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2 \u05d0\u05d3\u05d5\u05dd” \u05e9\u05dc \u05e8\u05e4\u05d0\u05dc \u05e1\u05d5\u05d9\u05e8 \u05de\u05ea\u05d0\u05e8 \u05d0\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d3\u05d3\u05ea \u05d1\u05d2\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05d5\u05dc \u05de\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4, \u05db\u05e0\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea. \u05d4\u05d3\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d0\u05e9\u05d4 \u05de\u05d5\u05d3\u05e8\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea \u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05ea, \u05d7\u05dc\u05e7 \u05de\u05de\u05e2\u05de\u05d3 \u05d1\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d0\u05e4\u05e8\u05d5 \u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05e7\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d7\u05dc\u05e7 \u05de\u05d4\u05e8\u05e7\u05de\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d1\u05e8\u05ea\u05d9\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05e0\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05e7 \u05d1\u05d4 \u05d7\u05d9 \u05e1\u05d5\u05d9\u05e8 \u05de\u05d0\u05d6 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d2\u05e8 \u05de\u05e8\u05d5\u05e1\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e2\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d2\u05dd \u05d1\u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd. \u05e1\u05d5\u05d9\u05e8 \u05db\u05de\u05d5 \u05e8\u05d5\u05ea\u05e7\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d7\u05ea\u05dd \u05d4\u05d9\u05d2\u05e8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d0\u05e8\u05d4”\u05d1 \u05d1\u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9\u05e9\u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05e8\u05d3\u05d9\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05e1\u05d9\u05d4.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrevious<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNext<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u05d6\u05d4\u05d5 \u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d9\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d5\u05de\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05e8\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9\u05d3. \u05d4\u05d3\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e0\u05e9\u05e7\u05e4\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u2013 \u05d4\u05d0\u05e9\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05db\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d0\u05d3\u05d5\u05dd \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05e9\u05d1\u05ea \u05d5\u05de\u05d1\u05d9\u05d8\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d4. \u05d0\u05d9 \u05d0\u05e4\u05e9\u05e8 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d7\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1 \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05e9\u05d7\u05e7 \u05d4\u05de\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0\u05e1\u05e7\u05d6 \u05d1\u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05e8 Las Meninas \u00a0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e7\u05e8 \u05d0\u05dd \u05e8\u05d5\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05de\u05de\u05e9 \u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05e7\u05d5\u05d3\u05dd \u05d1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d0\u05d3\u05d5.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Vel\u00e1zquez, The Meninas\n1656. (Detail)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e3 \u05de\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8 \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05e8\u05d9\u05e6’\u05e8\u05d3 \u05d0\u05e1\u05d8\u05e1 Richard Estes, \u05d0\u05de\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05e4\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d9 (\u05d0\u05d5 \u05e4\u05d5\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d9) \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05ea\u05d9. \u05d0\u05e1\u05d8\u05e1 \u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3 \u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05de\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05de\u05e6\u05dc\u05dd \u05ea\u05d5\u05da \u05e9\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05d8 \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05e7. \u00a0\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05de\u05e9\u05ea\u05de\u05e9 \u05d1\u05de\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8 \u05e6\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05de\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05ea\u05d5\u05da \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05de\u05e9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e4\u05e8\u05e1\u05e4\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea, \u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05e4\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd. \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d9\u05d5\u05e6\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05ea\u05d7\u05d5\u05e9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05ea\u05e2\u05ea\u05d5\u05e2, \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05e1\u05e2 \u05d1\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e0\u05d3\u05de\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4, \u05e6\u05dc\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4 \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d3\u05d3\u05ea \u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8 \u05de\u05db\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e8\u05d5\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d3\u05e8\u05da \u05db\u05dc\u05dc \u05d5\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05db\u05da \u05dc\u05ea\u05d7\u05d5\u05e9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05ea\u05d1\u05d5\u05e0\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d4\u05e9\u05ea\u05e7\u05e4\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4, \u05d5\u05dc\u05d1\u05e1\u05d5\u05e3 \u05dc\u05de\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d3\u05de\u05d4 \u05db\u05e6\u05e4\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05db\u05d5\u05e1\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e7\u05dc\u05d9\u05e4\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e7\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d5\u05de\u05d1\u05d4\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e0\u05d5\u05db\u05dc \u05dc\u05e1\u05d3\u05d5\u05e7. \u05d0\u05e1\u05d8\u05e1 \u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05dc \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e6\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d5 \u05dc\u05ea\u05d5\u05da \u05de\u05e2\u05d9\u05df \u05de\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea \u05d0\u05e8\u05e0\u05d1, \u05de\u05e1\u05e2 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d7 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d6\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d4\u05e4\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05db\u05dc \u05d1\u05de\u05d1\u05d8 \u05d1\u05d3\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d5\u05de\u05dd.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrevious<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNext<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Estes, Richard\nPeople's Flowers, 1971<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Estes, Richard\nPeople's Flowers, 1971<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/div>
\u05e7\u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05e9\u05d9\u05ea \u05de\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05df, 3 \u05d0\u05d5\u05e6\u05e8\u05ea \u05d3\"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9 <\/div>
\n\n<\/div>
Click Here<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>
<\/div>
Click Here<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrevious slide<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNext slide<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrevious<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNext<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0\u05e1\u05d5\u05d2 \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d9\u05e4\u05e8\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d6\u05dd \u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05e6\u05e8\u05dc\u05e1 \u05d1\u05dc \u00a0Charles Bell (\u05e9\u05d4\u05dc\u05da \u05dc\u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05de\u05d5 \u05d1 1995 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc 59). \u05d1\u05dc \u05e6\u05d9\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e7\u05e8 \u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e9\u05d7\u05e7\u05d9 \u05de\u05d6\u05dc, \u05e6\u05e2\u05e6\u05d5\u05e2\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e2\u05dc. \u00a0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e3 \u05e4\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e9\u05d7\u05e7\u05d9 \u05de\u05d6\u05dc \u05de\u05d5\u05d2\u05d3\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05e4\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e0\u05d5\u05e3 \u05db\u05d0\u05d5\u05d8\u05d9, \u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05db\u05e8 \u05d5\u05de\u05d1\u05d4\u05d9\u05e7. \u05d4\u05d6\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d0\u05e0\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4\u05d5\u05dc \u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1\u05e8\u05d8 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d3\u05d9\u05d0\u05e0\u05d4, \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e8\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8, \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Bell, Charles\nThunder Smash, 1977<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza is one third of the \u201choly trinity\u201d of Madrid museums of which the Prado is the oldest and richest, opened in 1891. Thyssen-Bornemisza and the Reina Sophia National Museum of the Arts were opened in 1992, marking the direction that post-Franco Spain intended to take to celebrate its cultural identity and become its foundation as an important international center.<\/p>

The German Thyssen Family, which has its fingers in several European power centers, also has its own dark chapters in the past. It is doubtful if this pleasant Museum would have been built at all or built without proper recognition of the past. Baron Hans Heinrich (Heini) Thyssen (d. 2002) was in his 20s when the family earned a legendary fortune thanks to their enthusiastic support of the Nazis and use of forced slave labor consisting mostly of Jews. One of the women apparently enabled or actually participated in the murder of Jewish slave laborers who \u201centertained\u201d guests at a party she held in their schloss a short time before the war ended. In his book The Thyssen Art Macabre<\/em> (2006), David Litchfield, writing 14 years after the Museum was founded, wrote that pat of the family\u2019s art collection was purchased in Paris after the Nazi occupation when Jews were forced to \u201csell\u201d their paintings, or when collections of murdered Jews were sold by the Nazis at public auctions. The Museum is currently facing lawsuits by Jewish heirs for restitution of paintings, and, most recently in February 2024 it succeeded in refusing to return a Pissarro painting to the plaintiff despite proof that it was looted, invoking protection from Spanish Law enacted under the Franco dictatorship.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum Madrid<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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The Museum is pleasant and welcoming to visitors even though like the Tate London or New York City\u2019s Frick Museum, \u201cwhitewashes\u201d ugly history full of blood. One of its wings was a palace that became the core of a bank which was then adapted to its present use from 1989-1992. In 2004 the expansion included a new facade and connective spaces from the two adjacent palaces to form a new wing to house the collection of Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza, the Baron\u2019s widow. The Collection is rented to Spain under a 15-year contract garnering 6.5 million Euros annually to the Baroness.<\/p>

The Collection is superb, comprising works from the early 20th century through works from recent years, nearly all from Western Europe and North America. The works are hung in a traditional way but the logic behind their installation is not always clear. Especially interesting are the American Realist works, sometimes called American Socialist paintings of the 1930s and \u201840s (influenced by Mexican and other painters) and the Hyperrealist works from the 1970s and \u201880s.<\/p>

Raphael Soyer\u2019s Girl with Red Hat <\/em>(c. 1940) depicts a woman trying on clothes in front of a mirror, apparently in a shop. The image of a modern working woman of the Afro-American middle class, part of New York\u2019s social fabric in which Soyer lived since immigrating from Russia, engaged him in other works as well. Soyer, like Rothko, was one of the Jewish painters who had left the USSR for the USA due to antisemitic persecution.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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This is an especially beautiful painting and very interesting to see in Madrid. The reflection in the mirror is not the protagonist \u2013 the woman with the red hat \u2013 but the seated woman gazing at her. It is impossible to avoid thinking about Velazquez\u2019s mirror play in Las Meninas, <\/em>especially when viewing it a day before in the Prado..<\/p>

Vel\u00e1zquez, The Meninas<\/em>, 1656. (Detail)<\/p>

The Collection also have paintings by Hyperrealistic (Photorealist) painter Richard Estes, with which I was not familiar. Estes works from photographs he shoots while wandering around New York City. He uses several paintings to create the finished image in which he changes perspectives, proportions, and details. The works create an illusory feeling of a journey in which reality seems clear, obvious and sharper than we usually see. Later it seems like a reflection in a mirror, and finally, we seem to be looking at a reality covered with a thin, transparent, shiny and impenetrable coating which is impossible to crack. Estes leads the viewer into a kind of rabbit-hole, like Alice in Wonderland, entirely by gazing at the image of a still life.<\/p>

Another type of hyperrealism is evident in the works by Charles Bell (d. 1995 at the age of 59). Bell mainly painted game machines, toys, and superheroes. In the works on view, there are numerous items taken from games of chance enlarged so that they become a chaotic, alienated, and glistening landscape. The association to Andy Warhol and Robert Indiana who are much more well-known, is clear.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Richard Estes, \nNedick's, 1970<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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It is interesting to think about these two artists today, living in the USA on the threshold of another Trump presidency in which what glitters, is fake, and all image is preferred to content. Their works make present the shininess of this approach but create discomfort when viewing them. It seems that the future is looking out from the not-too-distant art of the past.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05d9\u05e1\u05df-\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e0\u05de\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4 (Museo Thyssen Bornemisza) \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05de\u05d4”\u05e9\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05e9 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d3\u05d5\u05e9” \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9\u05d3, \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05e7, \u05d4\u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc \u05d5\u05d4\u05e2\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d4\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05d0\u05d3\u05d5 \u05e9\u05e0\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7 \u05d1 1891. \u05ea\u05d9\u05e1\u05df-\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e0\u05de\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4, \u05d5\u05db\u05de\u05d5\u05d4\u05d5 \u05d2\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05e9\u05dd \u05e8\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e1\u05d5\u05e4\u05d9\u05d4,\u00a0 \u05e0\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7\u05d5 \u05d1 1992 \u05db\u05e9\u05d4\u05dd \u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u00a0\u05db\u05d5\u05d5\u05e0\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d3\u05e9\u05d4, \u05d6\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e2\u05d9\u05d3\u05df \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05e7\u05d8\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e4\u05e8\u05e0\u05e7\u05d5, \u05dc\u05d7\u05d2\u05d5\u05d2 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d6\u05d4\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05ea \u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05d1\u05e1\u05e1 \u05db\u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d6 \u05d1\u05d9\u05e0\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05d9 \u05d7\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21984,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[112,1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d6\u05dd \u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05e7\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05d9\u05e1\u05df-\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e0\u05de\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4, \u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9\u05d3 | American Realism in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum in Madrid - \u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=21981\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d6\u05dd \u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05e7\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05d9\u05e1\u05df-\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e0\u05de\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4, \u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9\u05d3 | American Realism in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum in Madrid - \u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05d9\u05e1\u05df-\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e0\u05de\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4 (Museo Thyssen Bornemisza) \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05de\u05d4”\u05e9\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05e9 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d3\u05d5\u05e9” \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9\u05d3, \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05e7, \u05d4\u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc \u05d5\u05d4\u05e2\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d4\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05d0\u05d3\u05d5 \u05e9\u05e0\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7 \u05d1 1891. \u05ea\u05d9\u05e1\u05df-\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e0\u05de\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4, \u05d5\u05db\u05de\u05d5\u05d4\u05d5 \u05d2\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05e9\u05dd \u05e8\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e1\u05d5\u05e4\u05d9\u05d4,\u00a0 \u05e0\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7\u05d5 \u05d1 1992 \u05db\u05e9\u05d4\u05dd \u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u00a0\u05db\u05d5\u05d5\u05e0\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d3\u05e9\u05d4, \u05d6\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e2\u05d9\u05d3\u05df \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05e7\u05d8\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e4\u05e8\u05e0\u05e7\u05d5, \u05dc\u05d7\u05d2\u05d5\u05d2 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d6\u05d4\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05ea \u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05d1\u05e1\u05e1 \u05db\u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d6 \u05d1\u05d9\u05e0\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05d9 \u05d7\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1. 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