{"id":24593,"date":"2026-02-09T22:48:12","date_gmt":"2026-02-09T20:48:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593"},"modified":"2026-02-11T10:48:21","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T08:48:21","slug":"%d7%a9%d7%a0%d7%aa-%d7%90%d7%a4%d7%a1-year-zero","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593","title":{"rendered":"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 | Year Zero"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1<\/em><\/strong> \u05e0\u05e9\u05d0\u05e8\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea – \u05e6\u05e8\u05d5\u05e3 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea, \u05e8\u05d2\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05d4\u05d3\u05d4\u05d3 \u05d1\u05e7\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d1\u05db\u05d0\u05d1 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e7\u05d4\u05d4 \u05d5\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1.\u00a0<\/p>

\u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d4\u05df \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1\u05df \u05de\u05d4\u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d3”\u05e8 \u05e7\u05e8\u05dc \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05e5, \u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4 30 \u00a0\u05de\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d0\u05e6\u05d9\u05ea. \u05e2\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d2\u05e8 \u05de\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc \u00a048 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05e5, \u00a0\u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d2\u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d9\u05d3\u05d0\u05dc \u05d4 \u00a0Bildung \u00a0– \u05d4\u05d4\u05e9\u05db\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d4\u05ea\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05d5\u05d7\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea \u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea \u05e9\u05d8\u05d9\u05e4\u05d7\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d4\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05de\u05d4\u05de\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d4 19 \u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05dc\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e0\u05d0\u05e6\u05d9\u05d6\u05dd. \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05d2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05ea, \u05dc\u05ea\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05e0\u05d5\u05dc\u05d3, \u05e8\u05d0\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d1\u05db\u05da \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7 \u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05e4\u05db\u05d4 \u05dc\u05de\u05e7\u05d3\u05de\u05ea \u05e0\u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d0\u05d5\u05d5\u05e0\u05d2\u05e8\u05d3 \u05ea\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9, \u05dc\u05e6\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e8 \u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d9\u05d4\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e7\u05e8 \u05db\u05ea\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea. \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05e5 \u05dc\u05de\u05d3 \u05ea\u05d5\u05dc\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05e6\u05dc \u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d4\u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d0\u05d4, \u05d0\u05e6\u05e8 \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea, \u05db\u05ea\u05d1 \u05d5\u05d4\u05e7\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8. \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8 \u05db\u05ea\u05d1\u00a0 \u05d1\u05db\u05ea\u05d1 \u05d4\u05e2\u05ea \u201cOst und West\u201d \u00a0\u05e9\u05e2\u05e1\u05e7 \u05d1\u05ea\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05db\u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9 \u05de\u05d6\u05e8\u05d7 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d5\u05de\u05e2\u05e8\u05d1 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d1\u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd. \u05d4\u05e7\u05de\u05ea \u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u00a0\u05d4\u05e7\u05d4\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05d1\u05e8\u05dc\u05d9\u05df, \u05d1\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5 \u05e2\u05de\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05d9\u05e7\u05d8 \u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05d5. \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05e0\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7 \u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e2 \u05d1\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05e7 \u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d9\u05d8\u05dc\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e9\u05dc\u05d8\u05d5\u05df, \u05d1\u05e6\u05dc \u05d4\u05e8\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05e0\u05e9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05d0\u05da \u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d2\u05d5\u05d3\u05dc \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d1\u05e8\u05e8\u05d4.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>
<\/div>
\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d1\u05e8\u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05e5 - \u05de\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05e7\u05ea\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d4 . \u05d4\u05e8\u05e6\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d6\u05d5\u05dd \u05d3\"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9<\/div>

\u05dc\u05d4\u05d6\u05de\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d4\u05e8\u05e6\u05d0\u05d4<\/h1>
Click Here<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5 \u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05e1\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05de\u05d8\u05d9\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0\u05e0\u05dc\u05d4 2026 <\/div>

\u05e0\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7\u05d4 \u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e6\u05d4 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05ea \u05dc\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05de\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05d2\u05df \u05d1\u05de\u05d0\u05d9 . \u05dc\u05dc\u05d9\u05e0\u05e7 \u05d4\u05e6\u05d8\u05e8\u05e4\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e6\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea \u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05e2\u05d9\u05d3\u05db\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd <\/h1>
Click Here<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrevious slide<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNext slide<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrevious<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNext<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1<\/em><\/strong> \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d7\u05d6\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d0\u05da \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05de\u05e6\u05dc\u05d9\u05d7\u05d4 \u05dc\u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05d3 \u05de\u05e9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05de\u05d4\u05ea\u05d7\u05d5\u05e9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc \u05d3\u05e2\u05ea \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9, \u05de\u05e9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05de\u05e8\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d4 Bildung \u00a0\u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05dc\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e8\u05d5\u05d7\u05d1 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9\u05e2\u05d4,\u00a0 \u05de\u05e4\u05d2\u05e9 \u05de\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05dc \u05e9\u05de\u05e8\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dd \u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea. \u05d1\u05db\u05e0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d3\u05e8\u05de\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea \u05dc\u05d7\u05dc\u05dc, \u05e2\u05dc \u05e8\u05e7\u05e2 \u05e9\u05dd \u05d4\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc \u05d1\u05e9\u05d7\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc \u05dc\u05d1\u05df\u00a0 \u05e0\u05d9\u05e6\u05d1 \u05e4\u05e1\u05dc \u05d3\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d4\u05e0\u05e2\u05e8, \u05e9\u05dc \u05d0\u05e8\u05e0\u05d5\u05dc\u05d3 \u05e6\u05d3\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1, \u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d1\u05ea \u05de\u05d5\u05dc “\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9 \u05e2\u05dd \u05e1\u05e4\u05e8 \u05ea\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4” \u05e9\u05dc \u05e9\u05d0\u05d2\u05dc. \u05d3\u05d5\u05d3 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e6\u05d3\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d3\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d4\u05ea\u05d0\u05dd \u05dc\u05d0\u05d9\u05d3\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05ea\u05e7\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 (\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05db\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05e4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05dc \u05e8\u05e0\u05e1\u05e0\u05e1\u05d9), \u05d4\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05da \u05dc\u05e1\u05d8\u05e8\u05d0\u05d5\u05d8\u05d9\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9\u05e9\u05de\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e9\u05d0\u05d2\u05d0\u05dc \u05de 1929, \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e2\u05d6\u05d1 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e8\u05d5\u05e1\u05d9\u05d4, \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05ea\u05e8\u05e4\u05e7\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d6\u05e8\u05d7 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e4\u05d0\u05d9, \u05d6\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e9\u05ea\u05d7\u05e8\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d4\u05e4\u05db\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea, \u05d0\u05da \u05db\u05de\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05d8\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05d5\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d8\u05e8\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05e7\u05d3\u05de\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4 \u05d3\u05e8\u05e1\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5.\u00a0 \u05de\u05d9\u05d3 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4 \u05de\u05ea\u05d2\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05ea\u05e4\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05e1\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05db\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd<\/em>, \u00a0\u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05e6\u05d9 \u05d2\u05d5\u05d8\u05dc\u05d9\u05d1, 1878 \u05d1\u05de\u05dc\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d3\u05e8\u05d4, \u05d5\u05d1\u05ea\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e0\u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05d7\u05d3, \u05db\u05d6\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d1\u05ea \u05dc\u05d3\u05de\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e7\u05d9\u05e8\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05ea \u05de\u05de\u05e9.<\/p>

\u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05e5 \u05e2\u05d6\u05d1 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u00a0\u05d7\u05d5\u05d3\u05e9\u05d9\u05dd \u05e1\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e0\u05d0\u05e6\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d4\u05e4\u05da \u05dc\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05e9\u05e8\u05e7 \u05e0\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7 \u05d1\u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1. \u05d1\u05d6\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d0\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05d1\u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05d4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e4\u05d0\u05d9 \u05e9\u05db\u05e0\u05e2 \u05d0\u05e1\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05dd \u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9\u05dc \u00a0\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e0\u05e4\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df. \u05dc\u05de\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d3\u05d2\u05e9 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd, \u05dc\u05d4\u05dd \u05e0\u05e9\u05e7\u05e4\u05d4 \u05e1\u05db\u05e0\u05d4 \u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05d7\u05d3\u05ea, \u05d4\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d2\u05dd \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd, \u05db\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d4\u05e9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05db\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e7\u05d0\u05e0\u05d5\u05df \u05de\u05d5\u05e2\u05d3\u05e3 \u05e8\u05e9\u05de\u05d9\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d0\u05e6\u05d9\u05dd\u00a0 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e2\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 (\u05d1\u05e4\u05d5\u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e0\u05d0\u05e6\u05d9\u05dd \u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d1\u05d6\u05d6\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05d5\u05d3\u05e8\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea \u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05d9\u05e0\u05ea). \u05db\u05de\u05d4 \u05d5\u05db\u05de\u05d4 \u05de\u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d1\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 \u00a0<\/em>\u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05d5 \u05d1\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05e2\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e9\u05de\u05e6\u05d4\u00a0 \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05d5\u05e0\u05ea<\/em> \u05d1 1937, \u05d1\u05d4\u05dd \u05d2\u05dd \u05d5\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d9\u05e7\u05dc \u05e9\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 “\u05e2\u05e8\u05e4\u05d3\u05d9\u05ea” \u05de 1910 \u05d1\u05d5\u05dc\u05d8\u05ea \u05d1\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 .<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrevious<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNext<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Lesser Ury\n1861, Birnbaum, German Empire (now Mi\u0119dzych\u00f3d, Poland) \u2013 1931, Berlin\nStreet Scene with Couple, ca. 1920s\nOil on canvas, 70.5x50.5 cm\nCollection of the Tel Aviv Museum of Art\n<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Willy Jaeckel, Vampire 1910<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
18.2 \u05d1\u05e9\u05e2\u05d4 19:30, \u05d0\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd, \u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd, \u05e8\u05d7\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d0\u05e8\u05dc\u05d5\u05d6\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1, \u05e4\u05ea\u05d7 \u05ea\u05e7\u05d5\u05d5\u05d4. \u05dc\u05d4\u05e8\u05e9\u05de\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d7\u05e6\u05d5 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05ea\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 .<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u00a0<\/p>

\u05d1\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05d2\u05dd \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05ea\u05e7\u05d1\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d1\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05d0\u05da \u05e9\u05d9\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d7\u05df \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9-\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05d2\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d5\u05e4\u05ea\u05d5\u05d7, \u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05dc\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d6\u05d5\u05d4\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d2\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e8\u05e4\u05d5\u05d1\u05dc\u05d9\u05e7\u05ea \u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05d0\u05e8 \u05e7\u05e6\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd.<\/p>

\u05d4\u05d0\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e0\u05e2\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d5\u05d6\u05e0\u05d1\u05e8\u05d2 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05dc\u05d9\u05d2\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea \u05d5\u05d0\u05dc\u05d2\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05de\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d7\u05dc\u05e7\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4 \u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05e0\u05de\u05e6\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d3\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2 \u05d6\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d6\u05d4. \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d2\u05dd \u05de\u05e6\u05dc\u05d9\u05d7\u05d4, \u05d3\u05e8\u05da \u05d4\u05e6\u05d2\u05ea \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e6\u05d3 \u05db\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5 \u05e9\u05ea\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05db\u05d1\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e3 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e2, \u05dc\u05ea\u05ea \u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d7\u05d1\u05d4 \u00a0\u05dc\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05db\u05de\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05dc\u05e1\u05e8 \u00a0( \u05e9\u05d3\u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05e6\u05d9\u05d2\u05d5 \u05d1\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05ea \u05d9\u05d7\u05d9\u05d3). \u05e4\u05e8\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e4\u05d4 \u00a0\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05e7\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e6\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05d8\u05e8\u05d9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d6\u05db\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05ea \u05e9\u05e7\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05de\u05e9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e6\u05d3\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05d5\u05ea \u05d2\u05dc\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05e9\u05dc\u05d7\u05d5 \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e6\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d3”\u05e8 \u05e8\u05d5\u05d6\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9\u05e8\u05d4, \u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05e8\u05ea \u05ea\u05d5\u05dc\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05e2\u05e7\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05ea \u05d4\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e6\u05d4 \u05d5\u05e0\u05de\u05dc\u05d8\u05d4 \u05de\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d0\u05e0\u05d2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4. \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e7\u05d8\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05e0\u05e1\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05dc\u05dc\u05d5 \u05de\u05e8\u05ea\u05e7\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d1\u05d1\u05d7\u05d9\u05e0\u05ea \u05ea\u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05ea\u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e9\u05d8\u05d7 \u05d3\u05e3 \u05e7\u05d8\u05df. \u05d1\u05e1\u05de\u05d5\u05da \u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05e7\u05e1 \u05e4\u05db\u05e9\u05d8\u05d9\u05d9\u05df, \u05d7\u05d1\u05e8 \u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e6\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 (\u05e9\u05e0\u05e9\u05d0\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05e2 \u05ea\u05e7\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05d9\u05de\u05ea \u05d0\u05d4\u05d3\u05d4 \u05dc\u05de\u05e9\u05d8\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d0\u05e6\u05d9 \u05d0\u05e3 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05e7\u05e2 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d3\u05d9). \u05d1\u05d5\u05dc\u05d8\u05d5\u05ea \u00a0\u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e9 \u05d1\u05d4\u05df \u05d0\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0 \u05de\u05de\u05e1\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05e7\u05d9\u05d0\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1 \u05d4\u05e9\u05e7\u05d8. \u05d4\u05de\u05d1\u05d7\u05e8 \u05d1\u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e4\u05dc \u05d1\u05d0\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05de\u05d4\u05de\u05d1\u05d7\u05e8 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d1\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df “\u05d4\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8” \u05d1\u05d1\u05e8\u05dc\u05d9\u05df.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u05e9\u05dc\u05d5\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d7\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05d7\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u2013 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e3 \u05d0\u05e8\u05db\u05e4\u05d9\u05e0\u05e7\u05d5 \u00a0\u05dc\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e7\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e7\u05d5\u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05e5 \u05d5\u05d0\u05e8\u05e0\u05e1\u05d8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05dc\u05da \u05d5\u05dc\u05e4\u05e8\u05e1\u05d5\u05de\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d0\u05d1\u05df ” \u05de\u05dc\u05d7\u05de\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea” \u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05de\u05dc\u05d7\u05de\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4.<\/p>

\u05d0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e3 \u05d0\u05e8\u05db\u05d9\u05e4\u05e0\u05e7\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2 \u05d1\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05d0\u05da \u05db\u05d1\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d0 \u05e0\u05d4\u05e0\u05d4 \u05de\u05ea\u05e9\u05d5\u05de\u05ea \u05dc\u05d1 \u05db\u05d1\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05db\u05d7\u05d9\u05ea. \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e2\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc \u05de 1933 \u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05ea \u05d0\u05d7\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05d4\u05e8\u05d5\u05e1\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0\u05e0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d5\u05d5\u05e0\u05e6\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1 1920, \u00a0\u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e8\u05d2\u05df \u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05e0\u05e1\u05d5\u05dc \u05d4\u05e8\u05d5\u05e1\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e8, \u05e9\u05e2\u05d3\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d7\u05d6\u05d9\u05e7 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d5\u05d0\u05e8 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d5\u05e9 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d4\u05e4\u05db\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea \u05de\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0\u05d9\u05d8\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e2\u05d3\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e7\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d3\u05d9\u05e4\u05dc\u05d5\u05de\u05d8\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05d8\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d3\u05e9. \u05d1\u05e8\u05d2\u05e2 \u05d0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d4\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d6\u05d5 \u05d4\u05e6\u05d9\u05d2\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05d8\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e8\u05d5\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d2\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd.<\/p>

\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05e5, \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e6\u05d3 \u05d7\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd (\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea\u05d4 \u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05de\u05e5 \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e2\u05d5 \u05dc\u05dc\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05e7\u05e1 \u05dc\u05d9\u05d1\u05e8\u05de\u05df, \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d2\u05d5\u05dc \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4, \u05e2\u05d3 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e0\u05d0\u05e6\u05d9\u05dd, \u05e8\u05d0\u05e9 \u05d4\u05d0\u05e7\u05d3\u05de\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d1\u05e8\u05dc\u05d9\u05df \u05d5\u05e0\u05e9\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d7\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9). \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u00a0\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05ea \u05dc\u05e6\u05d3 \u05d0\u05e8\u05e0\u05e1\u05d8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05dc\u05da. \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d0\u05e7\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea, \u05e8\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d4\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d3\u05dd. \u05d0\u05d7\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e4\u05db\u05d5 \u05dc\u05de\u05d6\u05d5\u05d4\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dd \u05ea\u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u00a0\u05e9\u05dc\u05d5\u05dd \u05d5\u05de\u05d7\u05d0\u05d4 \u05de\u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4 20 \u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd. \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e7\u05d3\u05e9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d3\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d0\u05d1\u05df \u05e9\u05d9\u05e6\u05d0\u05d5 \u05d1\u05de\u05d4\u05d3\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d6\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d0\u05e8\u05d5\u05da \u05de\u05dc\u05d7\u05de\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e2\u05d5\u05e7\u05d1 \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d7\u05d5\u05d8 \u05d4\u05d4\u05ea\u05e4\u05db\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e4\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05dc\u05d7\u05de\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05e0\u05ea \u05d2\u05d5\u05d3\u05dc \u05d4\u05d6\u05d5\u05d5\u05e2\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e1\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Installation view\n\nPhoto: Elad Sarig\n<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Alexander Archipenko, 1920 <\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u05d4\u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05e1\u05d5\u05e3 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd: \u05de\u05d0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05ea\u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d7\u05d3\u05e9\u05d4<\/em><\/strong> \u05de\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05ea. \u05d4\u05df \u05d9\u05db\u05dc\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u2013 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d7\u05d9\u05e0\u05ea \u05ea\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d0\u05d5\u05d5\u05e0\u05d2\u05e8\u05d3 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d5\u05de\u05ea \u05ea\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05ea \u05d6\u05e8\u05dd \u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d6\u05d9 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05df \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd. \u00a0\u05e1\u05d5\u05e3 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd<\/em><\/strong> \u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e6\u05d1\u05ea \u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05dc \u00a0\u05db\u05d5\u05e8\u05e1\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d9\u05e9\u05d9\u05d1\u05d4, \u05d1\u05e8,\u00a0 \u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05df \u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d3\u05d5\u05dd. \u05de\u05ea\u05dc\u05d5\u05d5\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d5 \u05e1\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05dc\u05e6\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05db\u05e2\u05d9\u05df \u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9\u05da \u05e7\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9, \u05d4\u05de\u05ea\u05d0\u05e8 \u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d1\u05d7\u05d9\u05d9 \u05d0\u05de\u05df \u05de\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d3\u05e8\u05da \u05d4\u05e1\u05d8\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05d1\u05e8 \u05d1\u05dc\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4. \u05dc\u05de\u05e8\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d0\u05db\u05d6\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d7\u05dc\u05e7 \u05e0\u05d9\u05db\u05e8 \u05de\u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea. \u05dc\u05de\u05e2\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d4 \u05d0\u05e3 \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d7\u05d3\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1\u05d4, \u05d0\u05e3 \u05d0\u05d7\u05ea \u05e9\u05de\u05e2\u05d1\u05d9\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05e9\u05d9, \u05d4\u05d0\u05e8\u05d5\u05e1, \u05d4\u05d0\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05ea\u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05d4 \u05d6\u05d5. \u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05e7\u05df \u05d0\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d2\u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d8\u05d4<\/em>, 1927 \u05e9\u05dc \u05db\u05e8\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d9\u05d0\u05df \u05e9\u05d0\u05d3, \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05dc\u05d8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05ea\u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05d4, \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05de\u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05d0\u05da \u05e8\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05d4 \u05de\u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u00a0\u05e9\u05d0\u05d3 \u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1\u05d5. \u05d4\u05d0\u05e8\u05d9\u05d6\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e4\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d4\u05e0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05de\u05d9\u05e8 \u05e8\u05e7\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9\u05da \u05e7\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9 \u05e8\u05d3\u05d5\u05d3 \u05dc\u05de\u05d3\u05d9, \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05dd \u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05de\u05d3\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d1\u05e8\u05dc\u05d9\u05df, \u05e9 \u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1<\/strong> \u05de\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1\u05ea \u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5 (\u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05df \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d1\u05e2\u05e7\u05d9\u05e4\u05d9\u05df), \u05d4\u05d5\u05e7\u05dd \u05db\u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e8 \u05db\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05e7\u05d4\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d4, \u05d9\u05d5\u05d3\u05d0\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u00a0\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d3\u05d2\u05e9 \u05d4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05ea \u05dc\u05ea\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4. \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d7\u05dc\u05e7 \u05de\u05d4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d0 \u05e0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d4 \u05dc\u05de\u05e4\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5\u05d5\u05e0\u05d2\u05e8\u05d3 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d6\u05de\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d5\u05dc\u05db\u05df \u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05d1\u05e8, \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1\u05df, \u05d1\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05db\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05d5 \u05d7\u05dc\u05e7 \u05de\u05d4\u05d6\u05e8\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d6\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d5\u05e9\u05d9\u05dd.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1<\/em><\/strong>, <\/em>\u05d3\u05d5\u05e8\u05e9\u05ea \u05e6\u05e4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e7\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05db\u05e9\u05d4\u05e8\u05e7\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05d7\u05d9. \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05de\u05e6\u05dc\u05d9\u05d7\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d9\u05e6\u05d5\u05e8 \u05de\u05e4\u05d2\u05e9 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05e0\u05e1\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05d1\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d3\u05e0\u05d4, \u05db\u05e9\u05d4\u05d0\u05dc\u05d2\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d1\u05ea \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05de\u05d3\u05dc\u05dc\u05ea \u05d5\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d1\u05de\u05e2\u05d8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05e8\u05de\u05d4.<\/p>

\u05d0\u05d5\u05e6\u05e8\ufb35\u05ea\u00a0 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d5\u05d6\u05e0\u05d1\u05e8\u05d2
<\/strong>\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1 \u05dc\u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u00a0<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Year Zero<\/strong><\/h2>

\u00a0<\/p>

Year Zero lingers in the mind<\/strong>\u2014a convergence of outstanding works, an historical moment that reverberates through Israeli existence with undiminished pain, and an exhibition extremely well done.<\/p>

Most of the works on view were brought to Palestine-Eretz Israel from Nazi Germany by Dr. Karl Schwarz, the first director of the Tel Aviv Museum, from throughout the 1930s, beginning in 1933. Until his decision to leave Germany at the age of 48, Schwarz was, in many respects, an embodiment of the Bildung<\/em> ideal\u2014the model of intellectual, moral, and spiritual development fostered by the German-Jewish community from the 19th century until the rise of Nazism. The Jewish bourgeois milieu into which he was born regarded this ideal as the key to equal integration and became an ardent patron of the arts and of the cultural avant-garde, while maintaining a moderated sense of Jewishness, primarily as culture.<\/p>

Schwarz studied art history under the leading thinkers of the early 20th century, curated exhibitions, wrote extensively, and founded a publishing house. Among other activities, he contributed to the journal Ost und West<\/em>, devoted to contemporary Jewish culture in both Eastern and Western Europe, with the aim of bridging the two. The establishment of the Jewish Community Museum in Berlin, which he headed, was intended to be his life\u2019s work. The museum opened exactly one week before Hitler\u2019s rise to power, under ominous skies, though before the immediacy and magnitude of the danger were fully grasped.<\/p>

Year Zero<\/em> is not a reconstruction of the Jewish Museum, yet it succeeds in capturing something of its curatorial considerations\u2014something of the Bildung<\/em> spirit in its full breadth: an interesting encounter between conservatism and cautious openness. In the exhibition\u2019s dramatic entrance, against the stark black-on-white title, Arnold Zadikow\u2019s sculpture Young David <\/em>faces Chagall\u2019s Jew with a Torah <\/em>\u00a0Zadikow\u2019s David<\/em>, aligned with contemporary ideals of masculinity (and the memory of Renaissance sculpture), stands as a reversal of antisemitic stereotypes. Chagall\u2019s painting from 1929, created years after his departure from Russia, is a tender meditation on the traditional Eastern European Jew\u2014the figure meant to be liberated by the Communist revolution, yet crushed by it, as by the authoritarian regimes that preceded it. Immediately beyond the entrance is Maurycy Gottlieb\u2019s Jews Praying in the Synagogue on Yom Kippur<\/em> (1878), shown in all its splendor and hung unusually low, drawing the viewer into an almost intimate proximity with its figures.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>
<\/div>
\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d1\u05e8\u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05e5 - \u05de\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05e7\u05ea\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d4 . \u05d4\u05e8\u05e6\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d6\u05d5\u05dd \u05d3\"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9<\/div>

\u05dc\u05d4\u05d6\u05de\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d4\u05e8\u05e6\u05d0\u05d4<\/h1>
Click Here<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5 \u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05e1\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05de\u05d8\u05d9\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0\u05e0\u05dc\u05d4 2026 <\/div>

\u05e0\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7\u05d4 \u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e6\u05d4 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05ea \u05dc\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05de\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05d2\u05df \u05d1\u05de\u05d0\u05d9 . \u05dc\u05dc\u05d9\u05e0\u05e7 \u05d4\u05e6\u05d8\u05e8\u05e4\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e6\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea \u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05e2\u05d9\u05d3\u05db\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd <\/h1>
Click Here<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrevious slide<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNext slide<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Installation view\n\nPhoto: Elad Sarig<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Schwarz left Germany several months after the Nazis came to power and became director of the newly founded museum in Tel Aviv. Thanks to his solid standing in European cultural circles, he persuaded Jewish art collectors to donate and lend remarkable works to the Museum. Although emphasis was placed on Jewish artists, who faced particular danger, works by non-Jewish artists\u2014especially those excluded from the official Nazi canon\u2014also reached Palestine-Eretz Israel (indeed, many Nazis privately looted superb modern art for their own collections). Several of the artists featured in Year Zero<\/em> had been included in the infamous 1937 exhibition Degenerate Art, <\/em>including Willy Jaeckel, whose Vampire<\/em> (1910) stands out in the exhibition.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/strong>The exhibition also includes works by artists acquired after Schwarz\u2019s tenure but which, in spirit, belong to the same progressive, open German-Jewish world\u2014a world that believed wholeheartedly in the historical radiance of the short-lived Weimar Republic.<\/p>

Noa Rosenberg\u2019s curation is intelligent and elegant; the transitions and sections of this expansive exhibition illuminate one another and engage in a productive dialogue. By juxtaposing works long displayed in the permanent collection with others rarely shown, she offers a broader reading of artists such as Lesser Ury(who seems overdue for a solo exhibition). A particularly fine section is devoted to the Expressionists of Die Br\u00fccke<\/em>. In a glass vitrine visible from both sides are illustrated postcards sent by members of the group to Dr. Rosa Schapire, an art historian who closely followed and supported the group and later fled Germany for England. These small, intense works are mesmerizing, condensing expansive movements into the space of a very small area. Nearby are excellent works by Max Pechstein, a member of Die Br\u00fccke<\/em> (who remained in Germany and for a time expressed sympathy for the Nazi regime, despite being ostracized by it). Especially striking are those incorporating objects he brought back from his travels in the Pacific. The selection shown in Tel Aviv rivals in quality that of the Br\u00fccke Museum in Berlin.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
K\u00e4the Kollwitz, Never Again War, 1924\nLithograph, 95\u00d766 cm\n\nCollection of the Tel Aviv Museum of Art\nGift of Max Matheus, Berlin, ca. 1937\u201340\nPhoto: Tel Aviv Museum of Art<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Three distinct galleries are devoted respectively to the Archipenko collection, to works by K\u00e4the Kollwitz and Ernst Barlach, and to thelithographs War and Art<\/em> published throughout the First World War.<\/p>

The Archipenko collection, long part of the museum\u2019s holdings, has not received such focused attention in years. The works brought to the country from 1933 onward include one shown in the Russian Pavilion at the 1920 Venice Biennale\u2014a pavilion organized by the Russian consul, who retained his title three years after the Communist Revolution, as Italy had yet to establish diplomatic relations with the new regime. In this moment of political ambiguity, leading Russian \u00e9migr\u00e9 artists were exhibited there.<\/p>

Kollwitz, a non-Jew, stood firmly alongside her Jewish colleagues and was among the few artists who attended the funeral of Max Liebermann\u2014the eminent Jewish artist who, until the Nazi rise to power, headed the Berlin Academy of Arts and served as president of the board of the Jewish Museum. She is presented here alongside Ernst Barlach. Both artists\u2019 works are deeply expressive and imbued with humanistic compassion. Several of Kollwitz\u2019s images have become identified with peace and protest movements from the 1920s to the present. The gallery devoted to lithographs issued in inexpensive editions during the First World War traces the arc from the early surge of nationalism to the sobering realization of the war\u2019s ultimate horror.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Installation view\n\nPhoto: Elad Sarig<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

The comparison between Year Zero<\/em> and the exhibition End of the Day: One Hundred Years of New Objectivity<\/em> is instructive. They could have functioned as complementary exhibitions\u2014one offering a view of the avant-garde, the other a portrait of the mainstream of the same period. End of the Day<\/em> is exquisitely designed, complete with armchairs, a bar, and a red velvet curtain. It is accompanied by a \u00a0narrative almost like an audio guide describing a day in the life of an artist, from home to studio to a nighttime bar. Yet, disappointingly, a substantial portion of the works are mediocre. The exhibition contains not a single work that represents New Objectivity at its best\u2014none that conveys the movement\u2019s tension, eros, bite, and despair. The Portrait of Anna Gabbionta<\/em> (1927) by Christian Schad, one of the movement\u2019s leading figures, is among the exhibition\u2019s finer works, yet it falls far short of Schad at his peak. The elegant packaging and the attempt to replace historical context with a rather shallow audio narrative do not redeem the exhibition; they only underscore its mediocrity.<\/p>

The Jewish Museum in Berlin, to which Year Zero<\/em> refers\u2014directly or indirectly\u2014was established, as noted, as a community museum devoted to history, Judaica, and culture, emphasizing the Jewish contribution to German culture. The art shown there formed part of this broader cultural framework; the museum did not aim to map the avant-garde of its time. Consequently, most of the works belonged to what was already the cultural mainstream of the 1930s.<\/p>

Year Zero<\/em> demands attentive viewing, with historical context as an essential component. It succeeds in forging an intense encounter between the works and the time they address, while the elegance of its installation does not diminish the drama by the least.<\/p>

Curator: Noa Rosenberg<\/strong><\/p>

The Tel Aviv Museum of Art<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 \u05e0\u05e9\u05d0\u05e8\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea – \u05e6\u05e8\u05d5\u05e3 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea, \u05e8\u05d2\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05d4\u05d3\u05d4\u05d3 \u05d1\u05e7\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d1\u05db\u05d0\u05d1 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e7\u05d4\u05d4 \u05d5\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1.\u00a0 \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d4\u05df \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1\u05df \u05de\u05d4\u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d3”\u05e8 \u05e7\u05e8\u05dc \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05e5, \u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4 30 \u00a0\u05de\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d0\u05e6\u05d9\u05ea. \u05e2\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d2\u05e8 \u05de\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc \u00a048 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05e5, \u00a0\u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d2\u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d9\u05d3\u05d0\u05dc \u05d4 \u00a0Bildung […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24602,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[112],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 | Year Zero - \u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 | Year Zero - \u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 \u05e0\u05e9\u05d0\u05e8\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea – \u05e6\u05e8\u05d5\u05e3 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea, \u05e8\u05d2\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05d4\u05d3\u05d4\u05d3 \u05d1\u05e7\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d1\u05db\u05d0\u05d1 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e7\u05d4\u05d4 \u05d5\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1.\u00a0 \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d4\u05df \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1\u05df \u05de\u05d4\u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d3”\u05e8 \u05e7\u05e8\u05dc \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05e5, \u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4 30 \u00a0\u05de\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d0\u05e6\u05d9\u05ea. \u05e2\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d2\u05e8 \u05de\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc \u00a048 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05e5, \u00a0\u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d2\u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d9\u05d3\u05d0\u05dc \u05d4 \u00a0Bildung […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-02-09T20:48:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-02-11T08:48:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea-\u05d0\u05e4\u05e1-\u05de\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4-\u05d4\u05e6\u05d1\u05d4-\u05e6\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05dd-\u05d0\u05dc\u05e2\u05d3-\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05d2-7-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1707\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Smadar Sheffi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Smadar Sheffi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Smadar Sheffi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#\/schema\/person\/f200fc9328e35bf7e58a8f27c9528da7\"},\"headline\":\"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 | Year Zero\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-02-09T20:48:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-02-11T08:48:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593\"},\"wordCount\":1388,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593\",\"name\":\"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 | Year Zero - \u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-02-09T20:48:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-02-11T08:48:21+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 | Year Zero\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/\",\"name\":\"\u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9\",\"description\":\"\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8 \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/logo-site-2-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/logo-site-2-1.png\",\"width\":2390,\"height\":652,\"caption\":\"\u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#\/schema\/person\/f200fc9328e35bf7e58a8f27c9528da7\",\"name\":\"Smadar Sheffi\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/09997a28fcf08c17ff1209b665dc020d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/09997a28fcf08c17ff1209b665dc020d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Smadar Sheffi\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 | Year Zero - \u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 | Year Zero - \u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9","og_description":"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 \u05e0\u05e9\u05d0\u05e8\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea – \u05e6\u05e8\u05d5\u05e3 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea, \u05e8\u05d2\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05d4\u05d3\u05d4\u05d3 \u05d1\u05e7\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d1\u05db\u05d0\u05d1 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e7\u05d4\u05d4 \u05d5\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1.\u00a0 \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d4\u05df \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1\u05df \u05de\u05d4\u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d3”\u05e8 \u05e7\u05e8\u05dc \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05e5, \u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4 30 \u00a0\u05de\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d0\u05e6\u05d9\u05ea. \u05e2\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d2\u05e8 \u05de\u05d2\u05e8\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc \u00a048 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e8\u05e5, \u00a0\u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d2\u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d9\u05d3\u05d0\u05dc \u05d4 \u00a0Bildung […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593","og_site_name":"\u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9","article_published_time":"2026-02-09T20:48:12+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-02-11T08:48:21+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2560,"height":1707,"url":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea-\u05d0\u05e4\u05e1-\u05de\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4-\u05d4\u05e6\u05d1\u05d4-\u05e6\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05dd-\u05d0\u05dc\u05e2\u05d3-\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05d2-7-scaled.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Smadar Sheffi","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Smadar Sheffi","Est. reading time":"13 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593"},"author":{"name":"Smadar Sheffi","@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#\/schema\/person\/f200fc9328e35bf7e58a8f27c9528da7"},"headline":"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 | Year Zero","datePublished":"2026-02-09T20:48:12+00:00","dateModified":"2026-02-11T08:48:21+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593"},"wordCount":1388,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Blog"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593","url":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593","name":"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 | Year Zero - \u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-02-09T20:48:12+00:00","dateModified":"2026-02-11T08:48:21+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?p=24593#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u05e9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e1 | Year Zero"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/","name":"\u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9","description":"\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8 \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#organization","name":"\u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9","url":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/logo-site-2-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/logo-site-2-1.png","width":2390,"height":652,"caption":"\u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e4\u05d9"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#\/schema\/person\/f200fc9328e35bf7e58a8f27c9528da7","name":"Smadar Sheffi","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/09997a28fcf08c17ff1209b665dc020d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/09997a28fcf08c17ff1209b665dc020d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Smadar Sheffi"},"url":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/?author=1"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24593"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24593"}],"version-history":[{"count":77,"href":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24593\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24732,"href":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24593\/revisions\/24732"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/24602"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24593"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24593"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smadarsheffi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24593"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}